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NASA: Probe Finds Signs Of Water On Saturn's Moon

News Station's Report Of Finding Life Was Erroneous

POSTED: Thursday, March 9, 2006
UPDATED: 6:02 pm EST March 9, 2006

The orbiting Cassini spacecraft has spotted liquid water spewing from geysers on one of Saturn's icy moons, raising the tantalizing possibility that the celestial object harbors life.

  • NASA's Cassini Discovers Potential Liquid Water on Enceladus. NASA image.

    The spacecraft may have made a stunning, textbook-altering discovery, according to Local 6 News partner Florida Today.

    There were erroneous reports online and elsewhere Thursday that NASA was going to report finding life on another planet or somewhere else in the solar system, according to Florida Today reporter John Kelly.

    "That's not the case," Kelly said in an Internet posting. "It appears some who obtained NASA's news release did not fully understand what they were reading."

    The Central Florida TV news station has since removed the story from the Web site.

    The surprising images from the moon Enceladus represent some of most direct and dramatic evidence yet of water beyond the Earth.

    Previous claims have been mostly circumstantial, based on scientists' analysis of rocks and other indirect data.

    Excited by the discovery, some scientists said Enceladus should be added to the short list of places within the solar system most likely to have extraterrestrial life.

    Recent high-resolution images snapped by Cassini confirmed the eruption of icy jets and giant water vapor plumes from geysers resembling frozen Old Faithfuls at Enceladus' south pole.

    "We have the smoking gun" that proves the existence of water, said Carolyn Porco, a Cassini imaging scientist from the Space Science Institute in Boulder, Colo.

    If Enceladus does harbor life, it probably consists of microbes or other primitive organisms capable of living in extreme conditions, scientists say.

    The findings were published in Friday's issue of the journal Science.

    David Morrison, a senior scientist at NASA's Astrobiology Institute, cautioned against rushing to judgment about whether the tiny moon could support life. Scientists generally agree habitats need several ingredients for life to emerge, including water, a stable heat source and the right chemical recipe.

    "It's certainly interesting, but I don't see how much more you can say beyond that," Morrison said.

    Scientists believe Mars and Jupiter's icy moons might have -- or once had -- conditions hospitable to life. But the evidence is indirect. In the case of Mars, scientists have never seen any flowing water. But based on their study of rocks, they believe water once existed there. They say magnetic readings of Jupiter's moon Europa strongly suggest that it has an ocean of liquid water, covered by ice.

    Saturn is around 800 million miles from Earth. Enceladus measures 314 miles across and is the shiniest object in the solar system.

    Enceladus was long thought to be cold and still, in part because it receives so little sunlight. But scientists now believe it is a geologically active moon that possesses an unusually warm south pole and a significant atmosphere.

    The south pole "hot spot" is still frigid by Earth standards. The temperature there is minus-297 degrees -- about 20 degrees warmer than the neighboring region.

    The water is believed to come from underground reservoirs that are under high pressure. Porco said the venting has probably been going on for at least several thousand years, perhaps indicating a lasting heat source underground.

    Cassini found the geysers are mostly made up of water and ice particles with significant amounts of carbon dioxide and trace amounts of methane -- all of which probably help to replenish the moon's atmosphere.

    The Cassini-Huygens mission is a joint NASA-European Space Agency project. The spacecraft was launched in 1997 and went into orbit around Saturn in 2004, exploring its spectacular rings and many moons. Cassini made three flybys of Enceladus last year and is expected to fly within 220 miles of the moon again in 2008.

  • Click here to read Kelly's full Internet post.

    Watch Local 6 News for more on this story.

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